Poster Presentation Lorne Infection and Immunity 2020

Bacterial Predation of Human Pathogens: Use of Surfactants to Control Unwanted Activities (#153)

Gayoung Cho 1 , Jisoo Kwon 1 , Sandrine Soh Mabekou 1 , Hyochan Jang 1 , Robert J. Mitchell 1
  1. School of Life Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea

As an obligate predator, Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus HD100 predates on a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria, including numerous human pathogens, making it potentially applicable as a living antibiotic. However, for appropriate application, their predatory activity should be regulated to limit predation of beneficial or indigenous bacteria. Here, I will present data related with the predation of bacterial pathogens, including multidrug resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, illustrating their ability to reduce the viability of these strains by more than 4-log. However, in a mixed community, such as that found on the skin or in the gut, predation may have the unintentional effect of reducing beneficial or normal microflora strains as well. Consequently, we sought a method to control predation. One promising method was the use of surfactants, such as sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). We found predation by B. bacteriovorus HD100 was inhibited at SDS concentrations higher than 0.005%, while 0.02% completely killed both attack phase and growth phase (bdelloplast) predators. Two additional predatory strains (B. bacteriovorus 109J and Peredibacter starrii) were similarly sensitive to SDS while the prey bacterium (i.e., E. coli) was not affected by this surfactant. Moreover, activity assays using a bioluminescent prey found the addition of 0.02% SDS immediately halted predation, a result that was confirmed by both the prey and predator viabilities. In conclusion, this is a simple method to quickly and effectively control bacterial predators and their activities, making the application of predatory strains in complex communities more realistic.